Rotary compressor



Oct. 22, 1935. H. M. BADGER 2,018,341

ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Aug. l2. 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet l Harry MaafyerChlo". wea.,

Oct. 22, 1935. H, M, BADGER` 2,018,341

ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Aug. l2, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patentedl 22,l1935'v UNlTEDIsTATEs PATENT OFFICE 3 claims. (c1. 23o-207) Thisinvention relates to rotary pumps or compressors of the type having agenerally cylindrical casing within which is eccentrically mounted arevolving piston or roll of lesser diameter than 5 the cylinder wall,the crescent-shaped space between the cylinder and piston being divided,upon each revolution of the eccentric, into a suction compartment and acompression compartment by a partition which may be in the form of ablade. My improved pump is especially adapted for use as a compressor inrefrigerating apparatus, but it is not specifically limited to that use.A general aim of the invention-is to provide an improved and. simpliedarrangement whereby vthe surfaces between the relatively movingpartsbetween the parts and to provide an effective seal against the mediumwithin the compressioncom-I partment flowing -backinto the inlet orsuction compartment during the operation of the pump.

A further aim of the invention is to provide a rotary compressor with animproved arrangement for not only supplying a lubricant to the pistonand cylinder walls, but also for maintaining the 'various bearingsurfaces between the parts of the compressor in properlylubricatedcondition, the lubrication being effected by the essential parts of thecompressor necessary for the primary pumping operation and without theuse of any additional moving parts or instrumentalities in the way ofauxiliary pumping devices, valves, unloading devices, et cetera.

A further aim of the invention. is to provide in 'a rotary compressor animproved lubricating system.A having the above and other advantages andwhich is particularly characterized by its extreme simplicity inarrangement, the cheapness with which it may be incorporated in acompressor, and by its eiiiciency and reliability in operation. f

Other objects will be in part obvious, and in part pointed out more indetail hereinafter.

,The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combination of elementsy the scope oi vthe .application of which will beindicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein I have shown, for 11".' LrativeE,.zrposes, one embodiment which the present invention may take, l

Fig. 1 is a certain vertical section through my improved arrangement,this view being taken substantially on line I-I of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially online 2-2 ofFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the compressonthe samebeing taken substantially on line 3 3 of Fig. 2; l

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view through the compressor, this viewbeing taken substantially 16 on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the discharge valve; and f Fig. 6 vis a viewsimilar to Fig. 4 but showing the rotary piston in its second quarterposition.

Referring to the drawings in detail, A denotes generally an 4oil casehaving a body portion I0 and a cap or head `portion I2, the casing beingapparatus, for example. The high pressure sideof theV oil case has anoutlet I6 to which may be 30 connected a pipe leading, for example, tothe condensing means of the refrigerating apparatus. Other parts lof therefrigerating apparatus aside `from the compressor unit are notillustrated, as

they form 'no part of the present invention. 35 'Ihe compressor Bincludes a casing comprising a body member or cylinder I1 to theopposite ends of which are secured plates i8 and I9 respectivelyprovided with centrally disposed and alined bearing sleeves or bushings2I and 22 in 40 which the eccentric shaft 23 is journaled. Thiseccentric shaft, as usual, has an eccentric portion 24 on which ismounted for relatively rotary movement a generally cylindrical piston 25of lesser diameter than the bore of the cylinder I1. The piston issubstantially tangentially arranged with respect to the cylinder wall,and this point of tangency progresses about the cylinder wall when theeccentric is turned, there being opposed to the point of tangency acrescent-shaped space. The compressor is provided with an inlet port 26which communicates at its outer or upper end with the upper portion ofthe low pressure chamber I3 o f the oil case. II'he compressor also has,closely adjacent to the inlet 26 but angularly 65 spaced therefrom, avalved outlet, and while this outlet may take any suitable form, it ishere shown as including a notch 21 in the cylinder wall and a port 28leading from the notch through the end wall I9. Between the inlet port26 and the outlet 21 and adapted to divide the crescentshaped spacebetween the cylinder and the piston into an intake compartment and acompression compartment Sii is a suitable partition, 10 which is hereshown as being in the form of a INH imp

the bottom of the notch 34 behind the blade Il. and during the remainingportion the port willbe blanked by the piston. 'I'he passage 50 is foed, in part, by a pipe 50' the lower end of which ex tends downy intothe body of lubricant in the 5 lower portion of the chamber I3. 'I'heeccentric shaft has a longitudinally extending bore or hole- 52 which isparallel to, butl offset slightly from. .the axis of the shaft in orderto balancethe,

shaft. The longitudinally extending bore 52 is 10 itamwscae'mh'maturmsrsmclm a/'Iwhime muzi-H i irlmlmwuirtinriltlllliflueqmqshisaveleinliiflniln rilei iiliiirm mumtctiediimanooyimuclnhmul aliiliiuir, ttul! a epplpzrm :mi 'Jil 1li! .lei :camminio mi: di ming lh' iii li lilwiviwm wl nifherleiduii l i i161 ntaimrzy:inistr lli n: ,al u li'il ii :what sticht( i ii ii xhoiiaclel ll1i1llla'. clp'nme .'cil 1li .anonym i ii! lil: ai lid: ziminln if rnro: lili'mhh :mmol mil 1f] lla: e: umh: i. iii iii:4 mi lol-1p xrdjnhilifrrp mi]ller ezcelsn'liai z .l '.'id leclclclpB-l: tricis' nim. lh: m o l( ilil:dole li il :buildin g': 'omi li; :icl ibi rc1 r i il itin' blubb :mint:im lsintmoi s eitenmi mi lons] mit .'amdl d i! i ttiilla ewes( I1 l ilmil lill l. lil Islaam :islaam .kill :ticle i il ile ileiinig .nl t tnifl lau laelnlln gli incise i .ili'enoilotl 'icl :i-f s :untitled liilt'ti lili :ih lslanraulmomz .il ilzim Liri lo'nrl :ist: i t :lin infrni. `ai sti-.11i o ii t'nid lp; ,statu :il lla: o uiiilii uirtclii iii(seal lil; :i I. sib .hlnlnlde n 9i irtiil lei :eenrimtz': l; lidlielinlzi 2 ii i :clnbrtlils .uncmirezcletuhaiislaiillzllnllcixznmmuoiw-a- .im mlnlixt rtm1 n :rich: d lill l: 1 ni .illllt: clinton ne llr. ova-i 1i 1g g: myn y; 'mm1 n 11d ibi alim :i e tptit itl laf. o lurk iii'f. lll at: .1 millards :in .im 1:1 115i un:ttohi 1i ii lll altdhlil d lull e1 lb'xm'i el Ill l :mi rii .al1 s:secon d .ilnilb` .'c t1 nifl uelilsl'cai `ci l 1f] lief ri'otyr si l l'nippon; it iiil 131 lioilap :lo: 't l iii iii/.zlib i iilbiairnicllb nzii ltni :lptatiil n .l :1 s :alunni t 1i :lI1 Lffi gli :E itlih auilrtili ci mili :til iii i 'iilvliiili )mmmunii n 'iivillgnl niet clulrmc': edil 'up :mmol Si il i :il ii i lol; E roemxrii nl rail t niflle: [niet: m iik li1 lmi m li-n spaced betweenl the piston and thecylinder.' The i' ton. This pocket will hold a drop or two of oil.

With the lubricating arrangement described, it will be understood'fromthe foregoing description that, while the piston is moving away from theblade, oil will be sucked from the reservoir in the lower portion of thelow pressure chamber into the notch 34 behind the blade, and during thistime the eccentric blanks the outlet duct 55. As the piston movestowards the blade, that is, during the second half of the completestroke of the piston, the channel 5l is-in registry with stroke of therotary piston and lat a time when the outlet duct 55is blanked so thatthe force of the oil pump comprising the blade and notch is noteffective in forcing the oil through the duct 62. When the pocket 59registers with the inner end of the duct 62, there is a suction withinthe intake compartment 29 so that the oil within the 'pocket win besucked out of the pocket through the duct 62 and into the inlet port 26where it will become thoroughly `co-mingied with the incomingrefrigerant or other medium. The oil will, of course, spread over theperiphery of the rotary piston and flow down the contacting surfaces onthe ends of the piston 'and the end'plates I8 and I9. 'Ihe lubricant,forms a seal between the wall 4of 'the cylinder and the y rotary pistonat a point at which these members are substantially in tangency andprevents the compressed medium in the compression compart- I ment fromflowing back into the intake compartment. 'I'he oil admitted to theintake compartment will be carried by the compressed lubricant throughthe discharge valve and it will then be carried through the system backto the `low compression chamber I3.` vIt is of importance to not thatthe lubricant is supplied to the rotor at the desired rate of feedandin'the exactly required amounts, a predetermined amount being suckedinto the compartment chamber with the incoming medium on each rotationof the piston'.

The size of the pocket 59 determines the 'amount of lubricant admittedto the crescent-shaped oil to the bearings and the crescent-shapedVspace is supplied from the low compressionside of the apparatus so thatoverloading of the pump with oil or the accumulation of oil within thepump when the pump is at rest, is entirely obviated, and thusthenecessity fof providing separate or additional means for removing oilfrom the pump when it is ldesired to start the pump is entirelyobviated.A Lubrication `of the several parts is effectively maintainedwithout it is intended that all matter contained in the abovedescription or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpretedas illustrative and not in a-limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the followingclaims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features ofthe\in vention herein described and all statements of the scope of theinvention which, as a matter of language, might be said to falltherebetween` l claim as my invention: 6

1,. Incombination, an oil case, a compressor located therein anddividing said case. into a low pressure chamber and a high pressurechamber, said compressor having a casing provided with a cylinder havingan inlet communicating with the low pressure chamber and an outletcommunicating with the high pressure chamber, a piston eccentricallymounted in and of smallerdiameter than said cylinder and having a notchin its periphery, a shaft` for eccentrically moving said 15 piston insaid cylinder, a partition member slidably engaging in said lnotch anddividing the space between said. cylinder and piston into an intakecompartment and a compression compartment; said shaft having a radiallydisposed bear- 20 ing surface, an oil hole, and a pocket in said bearingsurface in communication with said oil hole; seid casing having a thrustbearing surface with which :"d ist mentioned bearing surface cooperates,a .pring urging said shaft in a direc- 25 tion to resiliently hold saidbearing surfaces against one another, a duct leading from the bearingsurface of said-casing to said intake compartment, said pocket beingadapted to register with said duct on each revolution of the 30 shaft,an oil inlet port leading from the low pressure chamber and adapted toadmit a lubricant therefrom into said notch as the space therein behindsaid partition member increases, and'means for permitting discharge oflubricant $5 from said notch to said oill hole as the space within saidnotch decreases, said shaft being-arranged to prevent communicationbetween said oil hole and notch when said pocket is in registry withsaid duct which leads to said yintake* com- 40 partment. o

2. A rotary pump including a cylinder, a piston eccentrically mountedinand of smaller diameter ythan said cylinder, there being a crescentshaped space between said elements, a shaft for eccen- 45 tricallymoving said piston relative to said cylinder to progress said space, apartition member dividing said space into an intake compartment land acompression compartment, a thrust bearing surface on said cylinder, aradially extending 50 bearing surface on said shaft engaging said thrustbearing surface, a spring carried by said shaft and urging the sameendwise whereby said bearing surfaces are resiliently held in engage-`ment, said bearing surface of said shafthaving a 55 pocket adapted to.contain a predetermined amount of lubricant, a duct leading from saidthrust bearing surface directly lto said intake compartment, said ductand pocket being constructed and arranged to register on each rota- 00tion of said shaft and on the suction portion of the stroke of saidpiston, said duct being closed by said bearing surface on said shaft atall times except when said pocket and duct are in registry,

and means for supplying lubricant-to said pocket. 65

3. A rotary pump including a cylinder, a piston eccentrically mounted inand of smaller diameter thanv said cylinder, there being a crescentshaped space between said elements, a shaft for eccentrically movingsaidA piston relative to said cyl- 70 inder to progress said space, apartition member dividing said space into an intake compartment and acompression compartment, said cylinder havingY a thrust bearing surfaceand said shaft having a radially extending bearing surface engazing saidthrust bearing surfacef a spring the shaft and while said last mentionedduct is urging said shaft endwise to hold said bearingA under theinfluence of the suction action within surfaces in frictionalengagement; said shaft said intake t and said last menhaving an oil holetherein,"a` pocket in said tioned duct being closed by said bearingsurface 5 radially extending bearing surface adapted to onsaid shaft atall'times except when said pocket 5 hold a predetermined amount oflubricant, andas registers therewith, and means for delivering ductleading from. said oil hole to said pocket; a lubricant to said oil holeonly when said pocket, duct leading from said thrust bearing .surfaceand last mentioned duct are out of registry. directly to said intakecompartment and adapted f f 10 to register with said pocket on eachrotation of HARRYA M. BADGER. 10

